SPI MISO Receive Register
Capture one receive word MSB-first from MISO.
Task
On each sample_edge, shift the existing register left and append the MISO bit at bit 0.
Examples
- Implement the required protocol behavior and preserve it across the stated timing/control conditions.
Constraints
- Use synthesizable SystemVerilog and synchronous state/control logic unless the task explicitly requires edge detection or open-drain behavior.
What this problem is testing
FPGA problems test whether logically correct RTL will behave predictably in hardware, including clock-domain boundaries, reset release, noisy inputs, inferred resources, and timing.
Interview habit: before coding, state reset behavior, the state that must be stored, and the conditions that update each output.
Verification plan
- Separate functional checks from implementation concerns such as CDC and timing.
- Test asynchronous or noisy inputs with realistic transitions when relevant.
- Confirm reset assertion and release do not create unintended pulses or state.
- Review whether the RTL infers the intended FPGA resource.
Edge cases worth testing
- First and last sampled bit.
- Chip-select boundaries and the configured sampling edge.
Common mistakes
- Treating an asynchronous input as synchronous.
- Using a simple synchronizer for a pulse or multi-bit bus when a different CDC structure is needed.
- Generating clocks in ordinary RTL when a clock enable would be safer.
- Ignoring implementation timing because behavioral simulation passes.
Interview follow-up questions
- What hardware-specific issue could make a simulation-only solution unreliable?
- What timing or CDC check would you review before sign-off?
Concepts to review
SPI, MISO, sampling
Open SPI MISO Receive Register in the HDLForge interactive editor.
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